To determine the two formulas used to calculate potential and kinetic energy, we need to recall the definitions and formulas for these types of energy.
1. Kinetic Energy (KE):
Kinetic energy is the energy an object has due to its motion. The formula to calculate the kinetic energy of an object is given by:
[tex]\[ KE = \frac{1}{2} m v^2 \][/tex]
where:
- [tex]\( m \)[/tex] is the mass of the object,
- [tex]\( v \)[/tex] is the velocity of the object.
So, the correct formula for kinetic energy from the options provided is:
[tex]\[ D. \ KE = \frac{1}{2} m v^2 \][/tex]
2. Potential Energy (PE):
Potential energy, specifically gravitational potential energy, is the energy an object has due to its position in a gravitational field. The formula to calculate the gravitational potential energy is:
[tex]\[ PE = m g h \][/tex]
where:
- [tex]\( m \)[/tex] is the mass of the object,
- [tex]\( g \)[/tex] is the acceleration due to gravity (approximately [tex]\( 9.8 \ m/s^2 \)[/tex] on Earth),
- [tex]\( h \)[/tex] is the height of the object above a reference point.
So, the correct formula for potential energy from the options provided is:
[tex]\[ F. \ PE = m g h \][/tex]
Therefore, the two formulas used to calculate potential and kinetic energy are:
[tex]\[ D. \ KE = \frac{1}{2} m v^2 \][/tex]
[tex]\[ F. \ PE = m g h \][/tex]
