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Which equation describes a reduction?

A. [tex]Mg (s) \longrightarrow Mg^{2+}(aq) + 2e^{-}[/tex]
B. [tex]2Cl + 2e^{-} \longrightarrow 2Cl^{-}[/tex]
C. [tex]Na (s) \longrightarrow Na^{+}(aq) + e^{-}[/tex]
D. [tex]Al (s) \longrightarrow Al^{3+}(aq) + 3e^{-}[/tex]

Sagot :

GinnyAnswer
To determine which equation describes a reduction process, we need to understand the concepts of oxidation and reduction.

- Oxidation involves the loss of electrons.
- Reduction involves the gain of electrons.

Let's examine each equation closely to identify whether it describes a reduction or oxidation process.

1. Equation 1: \( Mg(s) \longrightarrow Mg^{2+}(aq) + 2e^{-} \)
- Magnesium (Mg) is losing electrons to form \( Mg^{2+} \).
- This is an oxidation reaction because electrons are being lost.

2. Equation 2: \( 2 Cl + 2 e^{-} \longrightarrow 2 Cl^{-} \)
- Chlorine (Cl) is gaining electrons to form \( Cl^{-} \).
- This is a reduction reaction because electrons are being gained.

3. Equation 3: \( Na(s) \longrightarrow Na^{+}(aq) + e^{-} \)
- Sodium (Na) is losing electrons to form \( Na^{+} \).
- This is an oxidation reaction because electrons are being lost.

4. Equation 4: \( Al(s) \longrightarrow Al^{3+}(aq) + 3e^{-} \)
- Aluminum (Al) is losing electrons to form \( Al^{3+} \).
- This is an oxidation reaction because electrons are being lost.

After analyzing all the equations, it is clear that only the second equation involves the gain of electrons, which characterizes a reduction process.

Therefore, the equation that describes a reduction is:

[tex]\[ 2 Cl + 2 e^{-} \longrightarrow 2 Cl^{-} \][/tex]
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