Explore Westonci.ca, the top Q&A platform where your questions are answered by professionals and enthusiasts alike. Discover in-depth answers to your questions from a wide network of professionals on our user-friendly Q&A platform. Get immediate and reliable solutions to your questions from a community of experienced professionals on our platform.
Sagot :
To determine which of these reactions are redox reactions, we need to check if there is a change in the oxidation states of the elements involved in the reactions. A redox reaction is defined as a reaction where oxidation and reduction occur simultaneously, meaning there is a transfer of electrons between species. Let's analyze each reaction step-by-step:
1. Reaction: [tex]\( Cd + HCl \rightarrow CdCl_2 + H_2 \)[/tex]
- Cadmium (Cd): In elemental state (Cd) its oxidation state is 0. In [tex]\( CdCl_2 \)[/tex], cadmium's oxidation state is +2.
- Hydrogen (H): In [tex]\( HCl \)[/tex] hydrogen's oxidation state is +1. In [tex]\( H_2 \)[/tex], hydrogen's oxidation state is 0.
- Chlorine (Cl): In [tex]\( HCl \)[/tex], chlorine’s oxidation state is -1. In [tex]\( CdCl_2 \)[/tex], chlorine’s oxidation state remains -1.
_Changes in oxidation states:_
- Cadmium: [tex]\( 0 \rightarrow +2 \)[/tex] (oxidation)
- Hydrogen: [tex]\( +1 \rightarrow 0 \)[/tex] (reduction)
This reaction is a redox reaction.
2. Reaction: [tex]\( CuCl_2 + Na_2S \rightarrow 2 NaCl + CuS \)[/tex]
- Copper (Cu): In [tex]\( CuCl_2 \)[/tex], copper's oxidation state is +2. In [tex]\( CuS \)[/tex], copper's oxidation state is still +2.
- Sodium (Na): In [tex]\( Na_2S \)[/tex], sodium’s oxidation state is +1. In [tex]\( NaCl \)[/tex], sodium's oxidation state is +1.
- Sulfur (S): In [tex]\( Na_2S \)[/tex], sulfur’s oxidation state is -2. In [tex]\( CuS \)[/tex], sulfur's oxidation state is -2.
- Chlorine (Cl): In [tex]\( CuCl_2 \)[/tex], chlorine’s oxidation state is -1. In [tex]\( NaCl \)[/tex], chlorine’s oxidation state is -1.
_Changes in oxidation states:_
- No changes in the oxidation states of any of the elements.
This reaction is not a redox reaction.
3. Reaction: [tex]\( CaCO_3 \rightarrow CaO + CO_2 \)[/tex]
- Calcium (Ca): In [tex]\( CaCO_3 \)[/tex], calcium's oxidation state is +2. In [tex]\( CaO \)[/tex], calcium’s oxidation state is still +2.
- Carbon (C): In [tex]\( CaCO_3 \)[/tex], carbon’s oxidation state is +4. In [tex]\( CO_2 \)[/tex], carbon’s oxidation state is still +4.
- Oxygen (O): In [tex]\( CaCO_3 \)[/tex], oxygen’s oxidation state is -2. In [tex]\( CaO \)[/tex] and [tex]\( CO_2 \)[/tex], oxygen's oxidation state remains -2.
_Changes in oxidation states:_
- No changes in the oxidation states of any of the elements.
This reaction is not a redox reaction.
4. Reaction: [tex]\( 2 ZnS + 3 O_2 \rightarrow 2 ZnO + 2 SO_2 \)[/tex]
- Zinc (Zn): In [tex]\( ZnS \)[/tex], zinc’s oxidation state is +2. In [tex]\( ZnO \)[/tex], zinc's oxidation state remains +2.
- Sulfur (S): In [tex]\( ZnS \)[/tex], sulfur’s oxidation state is -2. In [tex]\( SO_2 \)[/tex], sulfur’s oxidation state is +4.
- Oxygen (O): In [tex]\( O_2 \)[/tex], oxygen’s oxidation state is 0. In [tex]\( ZnO \)[/tex], and [tex]\( SO_2 \)[/tex], oxygen’s oxidation state is -2.
_Changes in oxidation states:_
- Sulfur: [tex]\( -2 \rightarrow +4 \)[/tex] (oxidation)
- Oxygen: [tex]\( 0 \rightarrow -2 \)[/tex] (reduction)
This reaction is a redox reaction.
5. Reaction: [tex]\( CH_4 + 2 O_2 \rightarrow CO_2 + 2 H_2O \)[/tex]
- Carbon (C): In [tex]\( CH_4 \)[/tex], carbon's oxidation state is -4. In [tex]\( CO_2 \)[/tex], carbon's oxidation state is +4.
- Hydrogen (H): In [tex]\( CH_4 \)[/tex], hydrogen’s oxidation state is +1. In [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex], hydrogen’s oxidation state remains +1.
- Oxygen (O): In [tex]\( O_2 \)[/tex], oxygen’s oxidation state is 0. In [tex]\( CO_2 \)[/tex] and [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex], oxygen's oxidation state is -2.
_Changes in oxidation states:_
- Carbon: [tex]\( -4 \rightarrow +4 \)[/tex] (oxidation)
- Oxygen: [tex]\( 0 \rightarrow -2 \)[/tex] (reduction)
This reaction is a redox reaction.
Conclusion:
The redox reactions are:
- [tex]\( Cd + HCl \rightarrow CdCl_2 + H_2 \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( 2 ZnS + 3 O_2 \rightarrow 2 ZnO + 2 SO_2 \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( CH_4 + 2 O_2 \rightarrow CO_2 + 2 H_2O \)[/tex]
1. Reaction: [tex]\( Cd + HCl \rightarrow CdCl_2 + H_2 \)[/tex]
- Cadmium (Cd): In elemental state (Cd) its oxidation state is 0. In [tex]\( CdCl_2 \)[/tex], cadmium's oxidation state is +2.
- Hydrogen (H): In [tex]\( HCl \)[/tex] hydrogen's oxidation state is +1. In [tex]\( H_2 \)[/tex], hydrogen's oxidation state is 0.
- Chlorine (Cl): In [tex]\( HCl \)[/tex], chlorine’s oxidation state is -1. In [tex]\( CdCl_2 \)[/tex], chlorine’s oxidation state remains -1.
_Changes in oxidation states:_
- Cadmium: [tex]\( 0 \rightarrow +2 \)[/tex] (oxidation)
- Hydrogen: [tex]\( +1 \rightarrow 0 \)[/tex] (reduction)
This reaction is a redox reaction.
2. Reaction: [tex]\( CuCl_2 + Na_2S \rightarrow 2 NaCl + CuS \)[/tex]
- Copper (Cu): In [tex]\( CuCl_2 \)[/tex], copper's oxidation state is +2. In [tex]\( CuS \)[/tex], copper's oxidation state is still +2.
- Sodium (Na): In [tex]\( Na_2S \)[/tex], sodium’s oxidation state is +1. In [tex]\( NaCl \)[/tex], sodium's oxidation state is +1.
- Sulfur (S): In [tex]\( Na_2S \)[/tex], sulfur’s oxidation state is -2. In [tex]\( CuS \)[/tex], sulfur's oxidation state is -2.
- Chlorine (Cl): In [tex]\( CuCl_2 \)[/tex], chlorine’s oxidation state is -1. In [tex]\( NaCl \)[/tex], chlorine’s oxidation state is -1.
_Changes in oxidation states:_
- No changes in the oxidation states of any of the elements.
This reaction is not a redox reaction.
3. Reaction: [tex]\( CaCO_3 \rightarrow CaO + CO_2 \)[/tex]
- Calcium (Ca): In [tex]\( CaCO_3 \)[/tex], calcium's oxidation state is +2. In [tex]\( CaO \)[/tex], calcium’s oxidation state is still +2.
- Carbon (C): In [tex]\( CaCO_3 \)[/tex], carbon’s oxidation state is +4. In [tex]\( CO_2 \)[/tex], carbon’s oxidation state is still +4.
- Oxygen (O): In [tex]\( CaCO_3 \)[/tex], oxygen’s oxidation state is -2. In [tex]\( CaO \)[/tex] and [tex]\( CO_2 \)[/tex], oxygen's oxidation state remains -2.
_Changes in oxidation states:_
- No changes in the oxidation states of any of the elements.
This reaction is not a redox reaction.
4. Reaction: [tex]\( 2 ZnS + 3 O_2 \rightarrow 2 ZnO + 2 SO_2 \)[/tex]
- Zinc (Zn): In [tex]\( ZnS \)[/tex], zinc’s oxidation state is +2. In [tex]\( ZnO \)[/tex], zinc's oxidation state remains +2.
- Sulfur (S): In [tex]\( ZnS \)[/tex], sulfur’s oxidation state is -2. In [tex]\( SO_2 \)[/tex], sulfur’s oxidation state is +4.
- Oxygen (O): In [tex]\( O_2 \)[/tex], oxygen’s oxidation state is 0. In [tex]\( ZnO \)[/tex], and [tex]\( SO_2 \)[/tex], oxygen’s oxidation state is -2.
_Changes in oxidation states:_
- Sulfur: [tex]\( -2 \rightarrow +4 \)[/tex] (oxidation)
- Oxygen: [tex]\( 0 \rightarrow -2 \)[/tex] (reduction)
This reaction is a redox reaction.
5. Reaction: [tex]\( CH_4 + 2 O_2 \rightarrow CO_2 + 2 H_2O \)[/tex]
- Carbon (C): In [tex]\( CH_4 \)[/tex], carbon's oxidation state is -4. In [tex]\( CO_2 \)[/tex], carbon's oxidation state is +4.
- Hydrogen (H): In [tex]\( CH_4 \)[/tex], hydrogen’s oxidation state is +1. In [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex], hydrogen’s oxidation state remains +1.
- Oxygen (O): In [tex]\( O_2 \)[/tex], oxygen’s oxidation state is 0. In [tex]\( CO_2 \)[/tex] and [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex], oxygen's oxidation state is -2.
_Changes in oxidation states:_
- Carbon: [tex]\( -4 \rightarrow +4 \)[/tex] (oxidation)
- Oxygen: [tex]\( 0 \rightarrow -2 \)[/tex] (reduction)
This reaction is a redox reaction.
Conclusion:
The redox reactions are:
- [tex]\( Cd + HCl \rightarrow CdCl_2 + H_2 \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( 2 ZnS + 3 O_2 \rightarrow 2 ZnO + 2 SO_2 \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( CH_4 + 2 O_2 \rightarrow CO_2 + 2 H_2O \)[/tex]
We hope this was helpful. Please come back whenever you need more information or answers to your queries. We appreciate your visit. Our platform is always here to offer accurate and reliable answers. Return anytime. Thank you for using Westonci.ca. Come back for more in-depth answers to all your queries.
