This is due to the fact that for waves to be conserved when they move from one area to another, the absolute wave duration must remain constant.
For instance, a wave comes back upside down when it hits a fixed end. A wave returns in the same direction it came when it hits a free end.
According to research, waves break when their amplitude reaches a critical point at which a significant portion of their wave energy is converted into turbulent kinetic energy, much like a ball rolling down a hill. The right end is fastened and tightly secured. The wave returns as a downward-displaced pulse after reflecting off this fixed end. Inversion happens when a reflection hits a fixed end.
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