Welcome to Westonci.ca, the place where your questions find answers from a community of knowledgeable experts. Get immediate and reliable solutions to your questions from a community of experienced professionals on our platform. Discover detailed answers to your questions from a wide network of experts on our comprehensive Q&A platform.

Which of the following is a type of environmental ethics that views all life as having value in itself, independent of its usefulness to humans?
1) Ecoutilitarianism
2) Golden mean
3) Anthropocentrism
4) Deep ecology